Designing the Urban Ecological Future
Landscape architecture plays an essential role in connecting justice to environmental design and the ecological infrastructures of the urban realm. The mission of the Master of Landscape Architecture Program at the Spitzer School of Architecture, City College of New York, is to prepare students to be leaders in the field of landscape architecture through innovative research and practice in urban ecological design, planning, and policymaking. The program aims to reimagine and rethink the profession’s current and future challenges through the lens of social, environmental, and multi-species justice, including rapid urbanization, resource extraction and management, the interface of nature and technology, ongoing species extinctions, and the climate emergency. The curriculum engages critical thinking about complex and indeterminate systems, empowering students to implement actionable change across multiple scales of the urban landscape.
Landscape architecture is a discipline that physically transforms the surface of the earth — it literally changes the world and the world’s systemic flows. As designers and thinkers, we work with biotic and abiotic networks of human and non-human actors. Our discipline also has the capacity to radically rethink and transform social networks, and we are especially well-poised to respond to the climate emergency with both mitigation and adaptation strategies. Our program attracts activist students who seek to rethink accepted paradigms and implement actionable change in the public realm and the quality of public space in terms of equity, accessibility, and justice: climate justice, social justice, environmental justice, and multispecies justice. Transforming the profession begins in the academy. Our landscape architecture program is committed to challenging the entrenched biases and historical canons of landscape architecture that have too long been accepted as the norm, and we support the clarity and resonance of our students’ diverse voices in the field.
Graduate programs at the Spitzer School of Architecture share a transdisciplinary design-research environment of vertical studio laboratories. First-year MLA students enroll in a foundation year of coursework addressing design thinking across nature and culture while building digital, technical, ecological, and critical-thinking skills. Second-year and third-year MLA students enroll in advanced landscape architecture studio laboratories and one co-required course each semester in which students and professors work synthetically across disciplines for a two-semester engagement with exploratory research and projective design. These advanced studio labs and coordinated coursework incorporate design research, advanced digital representation, and history/theory to address “wicked problems” in landscape architecture through extended design thinking. Upper-level students take two additional courses each semester that engage with technical, ecological, and professional practice topics. Read about this year’s studio topics here.
Applicants from all undergraduate backgrounds are welcome in the three-year the Master of Landscape Architecture program.
HOW TO APPLY
ACCREDITATION
The Master of Landscape Architecture Program at the City College of New York’s Bernard & Anne Spitzer School of Architecture is fully accredited by the Landscape Architectural Accreditation Board. Click here for full accreditation details and other public information.
CURRICULUM
Total program credits: 90. Per-semester courseload: 15 credits.
First Year
Fall Term 1
LAAR 61100: Landscape Architecture Studio I
6 credits
The first design studio introduces a range of technical, spatial, and cognitive skills used in urban landscape design. Manipulation of terrain and spatial conditions are explored using two-dimensional traditional and digital drawings and three-dimensional physical models. Students learn analytic mapping techniques and investigate systemic site processes at multiple scales. Design research skills are interlaced with speculative environmental design strategies and spatial design propositions.
Corequisite: 61400 Digital and Traditional Drawing, LAAR 61300 Landscape Technology I
LAAR 61400: Digital and Traditional Drawing
3 credits
This course provides instruction in the fundamental skills and techniques of both analog and digital landscape architectural representation. Graphic design skills are instilled with instruction in photo-based image editing, illustration, and publication software. Additional instruction in vector-based AutoCAD and advanced three-dimensional rendering software such as Rhino supports both two-dimensional and three-dimensional digital drawing techniques.
Corequisite: LAAR 61100 Landscape Architecture Studio I, LAAR 61300 Landscape Technology I
LAAR 61500: Introduction to Ecology/Plant Identification
3 credits
This course provides an introduction to ecological theory and physical geography by using the environs of New York City as a living laboratory for the study and investigation of plant material and ecological systems. Students identify and observe local flora, seeking to understand relationships among ecological function, plant habitat, plant associations, soils, and hydrology in both natural systems and designed landscapes. The course includes field trips to public parks, botanical gardens, and arboreta.
LAAR 61300: Landscape Technology I
3 credits
This course presents the fundamental principles of site planning: the environmental and ecological factors of siting a building, grading, drainage, site structures, and material selection. Students use the analysis of small sites to evaluate underlying issues of environmentally responsible design, accessibility, zoning requirements, and affordability. Methods of site inventory, site analysis, and site selection are explored. Site grading — an environmental necessity, a functional requisite, and an aesthetic expression — is a key component of the course, and it is used to integrate pragmatic design decision-making into the design process.
Corequisites: LAAR 61400 Digital /Traditional Drawing, LAAR 61100 Landscape Arch Studio I
Spring Term 2
LAAR 62100: Landscape Architecture Studio II
6 credits
The second design studio expands the range of landscape scales and deepens an understanding of urban context. Site analyses reveal narratives richly layered with diverse historical, social, and cultural significance for various groups. Site design is considered as a transformational practice leveraged at multiple scales. Dynamic environmental processes (soils, hydrology, geology, plant communities, and climate) as well as social and economic factors are deeply examined. The studio emphasizes digital presentation techniques and professional collaboration. Design proposals present strategic and transformative plans for implementation at the human, urban, and regional scales.
Corequisites: LAAR 62200 Intro to Landscape Arch History, LAAR 62300 Landscape Technology II
LAAR 62200: Introduction to Landscape Architecture History
3 credits
Synoptic themes in landscape architecture history will be presented with theoretical texts to provoke critical thinking about the evolution of landscape form and ideas in Western and non-Western culture. Students will research and document a thematic aspect of world landscape architecture to produce a verbally and visually articulate presentation. Topics include but are not limited to: the role of gardens in American cities, case studies through time in ecologically sustainable practices, and critical assessments of urban infrastructure form and function. 3hr./wk.;3 cr.
Corequisites: LAAR 62100 Landscape Arch Studio II, LAAR 62300 Landscape Technology II
LAAR 62700: Urban Ecology
3 credits
This course examines the ways that ecological systems function in the urban environment. The intertwined relationships between humans and so-called natural systems are explored, leading to an understanding of the effects of human activity on the biotic and abiotic components of urban systems. The course includes field trips to urban landscapes that are emblematic of the confluence of social, cultural, and environmental forces in the city. Geospatial analytic mapping is incorporated to spatialize the complex and dynamic systems present in urban ecologies.
Prerequisite: 61500 Introduction to Ecology/Plant Identification
LAAR 62300: Landscape Technology II
3 credits
This course is a continuation of the content described in the prerequisite LAAR 61300, with problems increasing in scale, complexity, and application constraints. In addition, the course provokes a deeper understanding of the relationship between urban development and constructed landform. Projects examine large areas and complex sites with multiple human and environmental overlays. Students address complex issues of site grading, drainage, site structures, and material. Site grading continues to be developed as a means of integrating design intent with the practical aspects of site planning and design.
Corequisites: LAAR 62100 Landscape Arch Studio II, LAAR 62200 Intro to Landscape Arch History
Second Year
Fall Term 3
LAAR 63100: Landscape Architecture Studio III
6 credits
The third design studio challenges students to analyze the social and environmental forces shaping a given urban site, as well as produce significantly developed design proposals and documentation. Design proposals respond to the challenges of a specific studio brief or position; proposals are developed with detailed plans and sections describing grading, planting, and materials. Students produce a final set of drawings at the level of a professional design development drawing package.
Prerequisite: 62100 Landscape Architecture Studio II.
Corequisite: LAAR 66200 Advanced Visual Representation, LAAR 63300 Environmental Planning
LAAR 66200: Advanced Visual Representation
3 credits
Current landscape architecture research and professional practice demand a wide range of advanced visual representation techniques. Students will learn how to conceptualize landscape design and research techniques including digital data-based infographics, advanced three-dimensional rendering, animation and effects, scripting, and three-dimensional printing.
Prerequisite: LAAR 61400.
Corequisite: LAAR 63100 Landscape Arch Studio III, LAAR 63300 Environmental Planning
LAAR 63300: Environmental Planning
3 credits
Theoretical texts frame an examination of techniques for mapping the physical environment of the New York City metropolitan region, including geology, soils, surface water, plant communities, and climate change impacts. These serve as the basis for an examination of urban infrastructure systems, including circulation, energy, water, and waste. Large-scale planning initiatives in the New York area are examined from the perspective of complex social and environmental ecologies. Students prepare geospatial mapping analyses that explore past, current, and future urban conditions in the urban environment.
Prerequisite: LAAR 62700 Urban Ecology.
Corequisite: LAAR 66200 Advanced Visual Representation and LAAR 63100 Landscape Arch Studio III
LAAR 65160: Urban Plants
3 credits
This course investigates plants as the quintessential material of urban landscape architecture. By building skills and knowledge drawn from the expertise of botanists, professional gardeners, and horticulturists, the course connects plant knowledge with the workings of the larger urban ecosystem, including urban design, policy, civic infrastructure, funding, phasing, and maintenance. Students will develop analytic drawings that explore the multifaceted ways in which plants and humans connect in the urban ecosystem.
Spring Term 4
LAAR 64100: Landscape Architecture Studio IV
6 credits
The fourth design studio focuses on the complex and dynamic public spaces and public infrastructures of New York City or other urban sites. Students build upon previous studio work to investigate the physical and cultural forces that shape a specific urban landscape. Comprehensive planning in response to topics such as environmental, social, and multi-species justice is developed. Social and cultural issues and inequities are further explored through the development of detailed landscape plans.
Prerequisite: LAAR 63100
Corequisite: LAAR 64400 Planting Design
LAAR 00000: History Elective
Elective offerings change each semester. For a sampling of recent electives, refer to the school schedule. In addition to landscape architecture electives, certain classes within architecture, urban design, and sustainability may fulfill elective requirements.
LAAR 64400: Planting Design
3 credits
Students explore the aesthetic potential of plant material to create compelling spaces, with attention to techniques for anticipating growth rates, projecting mature form, and predicting seasonal character changes. Environmental tolerances of plants in the designed landscape, particularly in constructed urban soil conditions, are an important focus of the course. Technical aspects of plant material selection, nursery practices, planting plan production, and plant specification are discussed, as well as the implications of plant selection on landscape management practices.
Prerequisite: LAAR 65160
Corequisite: LAAR 64100 Landscape Arch Studio IV
LAAR 00000: Urbanism Elective
Elective offerings change each semester. For a sampling of recent electives, refer to the school schedule. In addition to landscape architecture electives, certain classes within architecture, urban design, and sustainability may fulfill elective requirements.
Third Year
Fall Term 5
LAAR 65100: Landscape Architecture Studio V
6 credits
The fifth design studio is structured around a theme relevant to global urban conditions, but consistent with issues in the New York metropolitan region. Students are thus are able to extend their localized knowledge to a broader and relevant new context. Students are required to define key social, environmental, and ecological issues and independently explore the resolution of these issues, weighing the often conflicting demands of environmental mitigation and remediation, cultural habits of occupation, and economic and social constraints.
Prerequisite: LAAR 64100
Corequisite: LAAR 64150, LAAR 64700 Landscape Restoration
LAAR 64150: Design Research
3 credits
Design research methodology is essential to landscape architecture design practice. Students pursue in-depth research by exploring archives and record repositories. Digital communication skills are developed through the evolution of a research project as an independent proposition. Through a process of information collection and analysis, hypothesis testing, and thesis assertion, students communicate their design research using documents with graphic information as well as advanced digital media. Project-specific reading lists are developed by both the student and instructor.
Corequisite: LAAR 65100 Studio V, LAAR 64700 Landscape Restoration
LAAR 64700: Landscape Restoration
3 credits
This advanced course examines histories and theories of restoration, the question of preservation versus conservation, and novel strategies for both mitigation and adaptation to address ecological health in the current climate crisis. The course focuses on the terrestrial and aquatic biomes of North America. Students will question and rethink conceptions of restoration as a return to a past condition, and they will attempt to constitute a theory of dynamic ecological health that embraces novel ecosystems and natural disturbance regimes.
Corequisites: LAAR 65100 Landscape Arch Studio V and LAAR 64150 Design Research
LAAR 65300: Professional Practice
3 credits
This course introduces the range of professional practice undertaken by qualified landscape architects at the site and planning scale in both the public and private sectors. The course familiarizes students with the range of legal and administrative requirements of practice and office projects. Topics explored include the pursuit of work, preparation of proposals, contracting of services, design and construction documentation, specifications, bidding, and construction administration. Final project hand-over to clients, project maintenance, and the ongoing management of liability are also discussed.
Prerequisite: LAAR 62300 Landscape Technology II.
Spring Term 6
LAAR 66100: Landscape Architecture Studio VI
6 credits
The objective of the sixth design studio is to enhance independent research methodologies, conceptual processes, and creative design skills necessary for transforming both academic and professional practice in the field of landscape architecture. Each student’s project must test — through site analysis, programmatic development, and a design proposition — the objectives and rationale of an individually authored written project statement. This proposition is conceived as a dynamic hypothesis to be evolved and transformed throughout the semester.
Prerequisite: LAAR 65100
LAAR 00000: History Elective
Elective offerings change each semester. For a sampling of recent electives, refer to the school schedule. In addition to landscape architecture electives, certain classes within architecture, urban design, and sustainability may fulfill elective requirements.
LAAR 00000: Professional Elective
Elective offerings change each semester. For a sampling of recent electives, refer to the school schedule. In addition to landscape architecture electives, certain classes within architecture, urban design, and sustainability may fulfill elective requirements.
LAAR 00000: General Elective
Elective offerings change each semester. For a sampling of recent electives, refer to the school schedule. In addition to landscape architecture electives, certain classes within architecture, urban design, and sustainability may fulfill elective requirements.
